Sooner or later, fine furrows and skin folds (wrinkles) appear on the face of all women. They can have different depths, but modern cosmetological techniques can make them less noticeable and even eliminate them completely. Furthermore, thanks to proper facial skin care, you can delay its appearance for years.
Let's look at the types of wrinkles and the causes of their appearance, as well as ways to eliminate them and prevention methods.
Types of wrinkles on the face
By locationCosmetologists identify wrinkles on the forehead, between the eyebrows and around the eyes, which are called "crow's feet. "
In addition, there are nasolabial folds, marionette lines that extend from the corners of the mouth to the chin, and small purse-string wrinkles that appear above the upper lip.
Regarding their depth, wrinkles are superficial, medium-deep and deep.
- Superficial wrinklesIt affects the top layer of the skin: the epidermis. As a rule, they are small, there can be many of them, and they can occupy a large area. These wrinkles, which form a network of cracks, usually appear due to dry skin.
- Medium deep wrinklesThey appear when superficial wrinkles develop and deepen in the middle layer of the skin: the dermis. This is mainly due to the fact that special cells called fibroblasts begin to synthesize less collagen, elastin and hyaluronic acid.
- Deep wrinklesThey form mainly in areas of natural skin folds. Its development is associated with processes within the skin and subcutaneous fat, muscle hypertonicity, structural features of the face and even genetic predisposition.
Tactics to prevent and combat wrinkles depend on the causes of their appearance, so more attention should be paid to them.
The main reasons for the appearance
There are several main factors that contribute to the appearance of deep bumps or fine wrinkles on our skin.
natural aging
As a rule, after 40 years old, age-related wrinkles begin to appear on the face. In response to a decrease in the production of female sex hormones, collagen production decreases, the rate of cell renewal decreases, and the skin loses moisture and elasticity.
Additionally, gravitational ptosis can occur with age. When the soft tissues of the face weaken and have lost their elasticity, it becomes difficult to resist the force of gravity, which is why the oval of the face is deformed, the skin begins to sag, deep folds and wrinkles form.
Active facial expressions.
Due to active facial expressions, in your 20s you may have pronounced wrinkles. The fact is that our facial muscles are attached to the skin and it moves following the contraction and lengthening of the muscles. If the facial muscle contracts regularly, over time the skin in the area of its activity stops straightening and a superficial wrinkle forms, which can later turn into a deep one.
Habits that we often do not notice in ourselves, such as wrinkling the forehead, raising or frowning, squinting, and laughing, lead to the formation of wrinkles.
Photoaging
Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation on the skin causes cellular damage and so-called photoaging. UVA rays alter the processes that occur in the epidermis and also destroy collagen and elastin in the dermis. As a result, the skin on the face becomes weak, dehydrated and wrinkled.
Improper care
The appearance of wrinkles is often associated with dehydration of the skin and disruption of the exfoliation process of the horny cells of the epidermis. Therefore, skin care, including regular cleansing, nourishing and moisturizing, is extremely important.
If you don't follow these steps or use the wrong cosmetics, you can age your face prematurely and cause wrinkles to appear.
In addition, genetic predisposition and dry skin type can be to blame for the early appearance of noticeable wrinkles.
Aggravating factors
In addition to the main reasons, there are several additional factors that lead to the formation and deepening of wrinkles.
Health problems
Dental and jaw problems can contribute to the appearance of wrinkles on the skin of the face. Some wrinkles, such as nasolabial folds and nasolacrimal folds, become more pronounced due to swelling and fluid retention in the tissues.
Deterioration in skin quality and the appearance of sagging and wrinkles can be a manifestation of diseases of internal organs, such as the endocrine glands, liver, kidneys or lungs.
Stress
Constant stress can also cause wrinkles. During severe emotional stress, increased cortisol production occurs, which slows the production of collagen, elastin, and hyaluronic acid by fibroblasts. As a result, the skin of the face loses turgor, that is, the ability to return to its original state after compression, and forms wrinkles.
When you are stressed, the blood vessels in your skin constrict and your facial muscles tense.. All this gradually leads to the appearance of wrinkles.
Bad habits
Any bad habit affects the beauty of our face.
Passive lifestyleIt worsens vascular tone and lymphatic drainage, causing the skin to become less elastic and prone to wrinkle formation.
Going to bed late and constant lack of sleep.cause dehydration of the skin and reduce the precious time that the body uses to restore the epidermis. The fewer hours you sleep a day now, the more wrinkles will appear on your face in a few years.
Poor nutritionages the skin. Strict diets, especially with insufficient amounts of protein, lead to the fact that the skin has nowhere to get material from to form tissue. And the abundance of carbohydrates in the diet, including sweets, causes "sugarization" of collagen fibers, as a result of which they become brittle and lose their elasticity. All this leads to premature aging and the formation of wrinkles.
Of smoking- one of the main bad habits that affect the appearance of your face. Tobacco smoke contains many harmful compounds that cause skin diseases, dehydration, loss of antioxidants in the skin, and poor blood flow. Smokers have a much higher risk of developing deep wrinkles than non-smokers.
Wrinkles usually appear due to a combination of several reasons.
Methods to treat wrinkles.
There are many techniques to smooth wrinkles and make your skin firm, fresh and radiant again.
Facial massage
Thanks to good manual and hardware massage, you can improve blood circulation and lymphatic drainage, saturate tissues with oxygen, stimulate skin regenerative processes and eliminate swelling.
In addition, manual massage allows you to relax deep muscles, return them to their previous length and position and, therefore, smooth out facial wrinkles.
A course of procedures gives a pronounced effect, but even after one session, wrinkles become less noticeable and the face looks fresher and younger.
Despite the apparent harmlessness of massage, this method of wrinkle correction has contraindications. It is impossible to stimulate blood circulation and lymphatic drainage in case of oncology, blood diseases and enlarged lymph nodes for any reason. Also, massage is contraindicated in neuralgia and skin problems: exacerbation of herpes, purulent inflammation and allergies.
People prone to allergic reactions should not use essential oils when massaging their face.
acid peels
Superficial and medium peels, which are performed with acid-containing cosmetics, are effective in the fight against wrinkles.
superficial peelingIt helps to exfoliate the upper keratinized cells of the facial skin, accelerate the renewal process of the epidermis, unify the texture and color of the skin and eliminate small superficial wrinkles. As a rule, salicylic, lactic or glycolic acid or a mixture of lactic and salicylic acid is used for this procedure.
Medium peelingIt penetrates deeper into the dermis, stimulating the active synthesis of collagen and hyaluronic acid, skin renewal and the smoothing or reduction of medium-deep wrinkles. It causes peeling and scabbing, requires a recovery period and the use of special care products, but has a more pronounced effect. To eliminate wrinkles, post-acne and other skin problems with its help, glycolic acid, trichloroacetic acid or Yellow Peel are most often used.
However, without knowing how to apply the peel correctly, dermatitis can be caused even with a product with a slight acid content. Therefore, it is better to contact a cosmetologist for the procedure.
Botulinum therapy
To eliminate crow's feet, facial wrinkles on the forehead, between the eyebrows and in other areas, injections of drugs based on botulinum toxin are actively used. Temporarily immobilizes the muscle that forms the wrinkle, its fibers relax, acquire their previous length, and the skin fold also straightens.
The effect lasts six months, after which the procedure must be repeated.
Botox itself is not dangerous and does not cause poisoning, since microscopic doses of neurotoxin are used to smooth wrinkles. But the correction of wrinkles should only be done by a professional - a cosmetologist who knows the structure of the face well, since complications are possible if the drug is administered incorrectly.
Among the most unpleasant side effects are ptosis of the eyelids, drooping eyebrows and reduced mobility of the lips.
Plasmolifting
With the help of plasma injections with a high content of platelets, obtained from one's own blood, skin regeneration processes can be stimulated and wrinkles eliminated.
Platelets contain growth factors that activate the production of collagen and elastin by fibroblasts. Thanks to them, plasma lifting restores firmness and elasticity to the skin, helps eliminate expression lines and wrinkles typical of age, provides a lifting effect and improves the complexion.
The same technique is used to stimulate hair growth on the head.
Plasmolifting is safe, since the patient's own cells are used as the drug. .
But these anti-wrinkle injections, like any cosmetic procedure, have contraindications. These are bleeding disorders, taking antithrombotic drugs, oncology with metastases and purulent inflammatory skin diseases.
mesotherapy
Mesotherapy is effective in correcting wrinkles and preventing aging: it introduces microinjections of hyaluronic acid, vitamins, amino acids and other useful substances into the desired area, selected by a cosmetologist according to the needs of the facial skin.
In addition to the components of the drug, microtrauma caused by a fine needle has its effect. They stimulate the skin's own regeneration processes and the production of collagen and elastin.
Mesotherapy is good for hydrating dry skin and combating the first signs of aging, including superficial wrinkles.
It has a short recovery period: the bumps left on the skin after the injections disappear after a few days.
The result of the treatment, which reduces the depth of wrinkles, lasts a year and a half.
But, in addition to traditional contraindications, mesotherapy is not suitable for those suffering from severe kidney diseases. And it is important to remember that there is a risk of suffering an allergic reaction to the medication.
Weightlifting
SMAS lifting, the effect of which is compared to facelift plastic surgery, helps eliminate superficial and medium-deep wrinkles, makes nasolabial folds less pronounced and improves the shape of the face.
The device for this procedure emits ultrasound that penetrates deep into the skin to the muscle layer and stimulates the production of collagen and elastin.
The cosmetologist specifically treats areas of the face with wrinkles for 30 to 90 minutes. In this case, the patient feels heat, slight tingling and tightness of the skin.
The most pronounced effect, including the correction of facial wrinkles, is achieved approximately six months after the procedure and lasts more than a year. In this case, a single session every few years is enough.
Contour plastic
Another option to correct wrinkles is contour plastic surgery. During the procedure, a filler is injected into expression and age wrinkles: a biodegradable hyaluronic acid gel or a person's own adipose tissue. The injection fills the void, softens the skin and gives the face a more youthful appearance.
The same technique is used to restore harmonious facial proportions, including lip contours and volume.
The effect of non-surgical contouring lasts up to two years.
But this is a rather serious procedure to eliminate wrinkles, which should be performed only by a professional doctor and only with certified medications. A poor-quality filler, an incorrectly selected density or an inept injection under a wrinkle can cause the opposite effect: the appearance of irregularities and even tissue fibrosis or alteration of facial expression.
Fractional photothermolysis
Fractional photothermolysis can be used to remove wrinkles of any depth and restore skin elasticity. The procedure uses a fractional laser. Its beam, divided into small beams, penetrates deeply into the skin and damages it specifically, stimulating regeneration processes and activating collagen production.
Because the laser operates in a certain step and does not process all the tissue, recovery is very fast.After the procedure, red dots briefly appear on the face, but no serious heat burns occur.
After a single session, you will notice a pronounced rejuvenating effect and the disappearance or reduction of wrinkles.
The procedure is moderately painful and has a recovery period.
Laser peeling
In addition to fractional, that is, targeted, photothermolysis, general laser peeling is used to combat wrinkles, during which the entire face is treated evenly. It exfoliates dead cells layer by layer by evaporating areas of tissue and the depth of impact can be superficial or medium.
The effect of the anti-wrinkle procedure is similar to that of acid peels, with the difference that instead of acid, a laser is used for peeling.
Several sessions of laser resurfacing can soften fine lines and reduce deep age and expression wrinkles.
But after medium laser peeling there is more damage than after fractional exposure, so a longer recovery period is required.
To choose the optimal procedure to combat wrinkles, it is best to consult a cosmetologist. He will evaluate the condition of the skin of the face and the general condition of the body, indications and contraindications for the use of various cosmetic methods against wrinkles and will recommend the most effective and safe method.
Wrinkle prevention: advice from a cosmetologist.
The formation and deepening of wrinkles can be prevented by taking proper care of the skin and replacing some bad habits with healthy ones.
Care that will keep your skin young
Care that includes high-quality cleansing, hydration, skin nutrition and protection of the face from ultraviolet radiation will help delay the appearance of wrinkles.
To exfoliate old cells, cosmetologists recommend using acids.
Cosmetic products with hyaluronic acid are especially good for hydrating the skin and preventing wrinkles.
To stimulate collagen production and preserve its fibers, you should pay attention to cosmetics with retinol, peptides and antioxidants.
In addition to basic care - creams that protect facial skin during the day and restore it at night, you can also use serums with concentrates of useful substances to prevent wrinkles.
Instead of choosing cosmetics by trial and error, it is better to make an appointment with a cosmetologist. He will draft the optimal care program for you, selecting the products that suit your skin's needs.
Habits that will help delay the appearance of wrinkles
A few more recommendations will help slow down the formation of wrinkles.
- Dream. To regenerate facial skin it is useful to sleep at least 7 hours a day.
- Water. To activate the metabolic processes of the skin, it is necessary to drink enough water, approximately 2 liters per day.
- Nutrition. To achieve healthy, firm and wrinkle-free skin, you need a balanced diet with lots of proteins, fatty acids and vegetables. At the same time, it is important to limit flours and sweets.
- Exercise.For good blood circulation and lymphatic drainage in the facial area, it is necessary to move. Not only is any type of sports activity suitable, but also walking outdoors.
- Relaxation. To prevent wrinkles, it is important to learn to relax your facial muscles. Both a visit to a massage parlor and self-massage, as well as psychological practices, will help in this.
- Calm. To prevent premature skin aging and the appearance of wrinkles, it is advisable to learn to deal with stress and let it enter your life as little as possible.
Proper care and lifestyle changes will improve the health and appearance of your facial skin, as well as reduce the number of wrinkles that will appear in the future.
Trust experienced cosmetologists, take care of your appearance, sign up for cosmetic procedures in professional centers with qualified doctors.